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Descriere Marea Britanie - Ghid turistic Marea Britanie

Destinatii > Europa > Marea Britanie

United Kingdom  (Regatul unit al mari britanii) si Irlanda de nord este situat in partea de nord vest a Europei.Este contituit ca monarhie constitutionala in Commonwealth. Cuprinde insula marii britanii partea de nord est a insulei Irlandei, (Anglia, Irlanda de nord, Scotish Wales toate sub conducerea reginei Elisabeta a doua. UK se intinde pe o suprafata de 241.752 km /2 si are capitala la Londra. Regiuni din afara teritoriului propriu zis dar care apartin de UK sunt(Insulele Canal, Isle of Man, Anquilla, BermudaInsulele Virgine, Insulele Falkland, Gibraltar, Insulele Caiman, Monserrat, Insulele Pitcairn, Insula Sfanta Elena, partea de sun a insulelor Sandwichi.Tara are o populatie de 60 mil de loc. iar limba vorbita este limba engleza. Moneda nationala este Pfund(Lira sterlina) divizata in 100 pence.

Relieful Angliei este unul de mica inaltime deluros cu un singur lant de munti ( Muntii Pennini). In partea de nord (Scotia) inaltimea muntilor creste in Highlands pina la 1343 m  (varful Ben Nevis care este si cel mai inalt punt din UK). Cele mai importante rauri sunt Severncare are izvorul in Wales(Tara Galilor ). Cel mai mare rau din partea de est a tarii este Thames ( Tamisa ). Primul pod peste acest rau in Londra a fost construit intre anii 1176-1209 si doar in 1750 a fost contruit si podul Westminister .           
Clima  este una continentala cu influente maritime in special de-a lungul coastei. Vantu de vest are o influesnta speciala (ierni usoare si veri destul de reci). Religia in UK se inparte in doua mari grupuri (protestanta si catolica). Biserica catolica sa despartit de vatican in anul 1534 in timpul regelui Henry al 7-lea si este condusa de cel mai important arhibisop( The Archbishop of Canterbury).


Cele mai importante orase din UK sunt : Londra , Birmingham, Glasgow, Liverpool, Manchester, Sheffield, Leeds, Edinburg, Belfast, Cardiff. Capitalele celor trei regiuni ale regatului sunt Londra(Anglia), Cardiff (Tara Galilor), Edinburg(Scotia), Belfast(Irlanda de Nord).

Subdiviziunile

Anglia: 34 dualist judete, 32 Londra City boroughs si 1 din Londra sau Londra Mare, 36 judete metropolitane, 46 unitar de autoritatile
doua trepte judete: Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Cambridgeshire, Cheshire, Cornwall and Isles of Scilly, Cumbria, Derbyshire, Devon, Dorset, Durham, East Sussex, Essex, Gloucestershire, Hampshire, Hertfordshire, Kent, Lancashire, Leicestershire, Lincolnshire, Norfolk, North Yorkshire, Northamptonshire, Northumberland, Nottinghamshire, Oxfordshire, Shropshire, Somerset, Staffordshire, Suffolk, Surrey, Warwickshire, West Sussex, Wiltshire, Worcestershire
London boroughs and City of London or Greater London: Barking and Dagenham, Barnet, Bexley, Brent, Bromley, Camden, Croydon, Ealing, Enfield, Greenwich, Hackney, Hammersmith and Fulham, Haringey, Harrow, Havering, Hillingdon, Hounslow, Islington, Kensington and Chelsea, Kingston upon Thames, Lambeth, Lewisham, City of London, Merton, Newham, Redbridge, Richmond upon Thames, Southwark, Sutton, Tower Hamlets, Waltham Forest, Wandsworth, Westminster
metropolitan counties: Barnsley, Birmingham, Bolton, Bradford, Bury, Calderdale, Coventry, Doncaster, Dudley, Gateshead, Kirklees, Knowlsey, Leeds, Liverpool, Manchester, Newcastle upon Tyne, North Tyneside, Oldham, Rochdale, Rotherham, Salford, Sandwell, Sefton, Sheffield, Solihull, South Tyneside, St. Helens, Stockport, Sunderland, Tameside, Trafford, Wakefield, Walsall, Wigan, Wirral, Wolverhampton
unitary authorities: Bath and North East Somerset, Blackburn with Darwen, Blackpool, Bournemouth, Bracknell Forest, Brighton and Hove, City of Bristol, Darlington, Derby, East Riding of Yorkshire, Halton, Hartlepool, County of Herefordshire, Isle of Wight, City of Kingston upon Hull, Leicester, Luton, Medway, Middlesbrough, Milton Keynes, North East Lincolnshire, North Lincolnshire, North Somerset, Nottingham, Peterborough, Plymouth, Poole, Portsmouth, Reading, Redcar and Cleveland, Rutland, Slough, South Gloucestershire, Southampton, Southend-on-Sea, Stockton-on-Tees, Stoke-on-Trent, Swindon, Telford and Wrekin, Thurrock, Torbay, Warrington, West Berkshire, Windsor and Maidenhead, Wokingham, York
Irlanda de nord: 26 districte council areas
district council areas: Antrim, Ards, Armagh, Ballymena, Ballymoney, Banbridge, Belfast, Carrickfergus, Castlereagh, Coleraine, Cookstown, Craigavon, Derry, Down, Dungannon, Fermanagh, Larne, Limavady, Lisburn, Magherafelt, Moyle, Newry and Mourne, Newtownabbey, North Down, Omagh, Strabane
Scotland: 32 unitary authorities
unitary authorities: Aberdeen City, Aberdeenshire, Angus, Argyll and Bute, Clackmannanshire, Dumfries and Galloway, Dundee City, East Ayrshire, East Dunbartonshire, East Lothian, East Renfrewshire, City of Edinburgh, Eilean Siar (Western Isles), Falkirk, Fife, Glasgow City, Highland, Inverclyde, Midlothian, Moray, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Orkney Islands, Perth and Kinross, Renfrewshire, Shetland Islands, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, Stirling, The Scottish Borders, West Dunbartonshire, West Lothian
Wales: 22 unitary authorities
unitary authorities: Blaenau Gwent; Bridgend; Caerphilly; Cardiff; Carmarthenshire; Ceredigion; Conwy; Denbighshire; Flintshire; Gwynedd; Isle of Anglesey; Merthyr Tydfil; Monmouthshire; Neath Port Talbot; Newport; Pembrokeshire; Powys; Rhondda, Cynon, Taff; Swansea; The Vale of Glamorgan; Torfaen; Wrexham

Domenii dependete de Marea Britanie
Anguilla, Bermuda, Teritoriul Britanic din Oceanul Indian, Insulele Virgine Britanice, Insulele Cayman, Insulele Falkland, Gibraltar, Montserrat, Insulele Pitcairn, Sfânta Elena, Georgia de Sud si Insulele Sandwich de Sud, Insulele Turks si Caicos
  
Executivul
sef de stat: Regina Elizabeth II (din 6 februarie 1952); aparenta Printul mostenitor Charles (fiu al reginei, nascut pe 14 noiembrie 1948)
cap de guvern: Primul-ministru Gordon Brown (din 27 iunie 2007

Locatie
Europa de Vest, inclusiv insulele de nord o sesime din insula Irlanda de Nord între Oceanul Atlantic si Marea Nordului, nord-vest de Franta

Hotare terestre
în total: 360 km
vecine: 360 km Irlanda

Altitudini extreme
cel mai mic punct: Fens de -4 m
mai înalt punct: Ben Nevis 1343 m

Resurse naturale
de carbune, petrol, gaze naturale, minereu de fier, plumb, zinc, aur, cositor, calcar, sare, argila, calcar, gips, potasa, dioxid de siliciu nisip, ardezie, teren arabil

Populatia
60,943,912 iulie 2008 estimatie

Grupuri etnice
de culoare alba (în engleza, din care 83.6%, Scottish 8,6%, 4,9% Welsh, de Nord irlandezi 2,9%) 92.1%, negru de 2%, 1,8% indian, pakistanez de 1,3%, mixt 1,2%, altele 1,6% (2001 recensamânt)

Religii
Christian (al bisericii anglicane, Romano-Catolica, prezbiterian, metodist) 71.6%, Musulmani 2,7%, hindus de 1%, altele 1,6%, nespecificate sau nici unul 23.1% (2001 recensamânt)

Limbi
Engleza, vietnameza (aproximativ 26% din populatia din Tara Galilor), sub forma de Scottish Gaelic (circa 60000 în Scotia)

Nume de tara
forma conventionala lunga: Regatul Unit al Marii Britanii si Irlandei de Nord; Nota - Marea Britanie include Anglia, Scotia, Tara Galilor si
conventionale scurt formular: Regatul Unit
Abreviere: Regatul Unit

Guvernul de tip
monarhia constitutionala

Capitala
nume: Londra
Coordonate geografice: 51 30 N, 0 10 W
diferenta de timp: 0 UTC ora de vara: 1 ora, începe ultima duminica din martie; se termina ultima duminica din octombrie

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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